i experienced similar issues today after a Brave update on my system just a couple hours ago.
i think it’s related to Text and images stopped rendering after Ubuntu 22.04 update.
fixed by running brave-browser --disable-gpu. then i disabled GPU acceleration in the browser settings.
similar issue and workarounds discussed here: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=285507.
Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
AMD® Ryzen 7 6800u with radeon graphics × 16
REMBRANDT (rembrandt, LLVM 15.0.6, DRM 3.49, 6.2.6-76060206-generic)